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Soviet chips identification
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This information is obtained from various reference-books, from personal experience of a radio-electronics engineer and from senior colleagues and teachers who participated in the development (or cloning) and manufacturing of chips.
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USSR used a single government-controlled system for markings of integrated circuits. Thanks to this fact, it's easy to find out basic information about ICs just from the chip markings. The system is applicable not only to microprocessors, FPU chips and microcontrollers, but to all types of integrated circuits. There are, however, some exceptions.
As a rule, each chip bears the following information:
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1. Part number
2. Data code
3. Manufacturer logo (optional)
4. Rhomb (optional)
5. Triangle (optional)
6. "ÑÄÅËÀÍÎ Â ÑÑÑÐ" marking (optional)
7. lot number (optional)
8. "ÎÏ" or "O" (optional)
9. "ÎÑ" or "ÎÑÌ" marking (optional)
10. Letter "Ý" (optional)
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In greater detail:
- 1. Part number:
As an example, let's take the most common Soviet CPU - KP580BM80A
It is easy to see that part numbers of Soviet chips consist of :
optional "K" + one (or no) lette + 3 or 4 digits + two letters + 1 or 2 digits + one ( or no) letter
| spec |
package |
family |
type |
model |
submodel |
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| K |
P |
580 |
BM |
80 |
A |
-submodel like "A" in i8080A |
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Microprocessor set model number (like "87" in i8087 )
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-Type:
-Computing - Bx:
ÂÌ - CPU, FPU
ÂÑ - BSP
BE - MCU
BB - I/O
ÂÈ - timer
BÓ - Microprogram Controller
ÂÒ - memory control
ÂÏ - programmable logic array
ÈÊ - Old marking of all
"computing chips"
(CPU, BSP, peripheral ect.).
Some manufacturers used "ÈÊ" up to 1986/87.
(and renamed "ÈÊ" to "BM", "BC"... after 86/87 )
Others use "ÈÊ" till now.
-Memory - Px:
ÐÓ - RAM, ÐÒ - ROM, ÐÔ - UV EPROM, ÐÐ - EEPROM
-Others: Ëõ-logic gates, Ãõ-generators, ÏA - DA ÏÂ - AD converters,
Tx-triggers, Óõ-amplifiers, XM- PLA... etc,
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-Family
580 ~ i8080 family
581~LSI-11
582,584~TI SBP0400
583~original USSR (?)
585, 589 ~ i300x
586~GI CP1610
587 - original USSR (?)
1801~ PDP-11
1804 ~ Am29xx
1807 ~ micro VAX II
1810 ~ i8086/8088
1811~ PDP-11
1816 ~ 8048,8051 MCUs
1818 ~ 8X300
1821 ~ i80C85
1858 ~ Z80
ect.
CPU/FPU/BSPs families full list
MCUs families full list
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-Package:
P - Plastic (DIP or flat)
M - Ceramic DIP
H - Ceramic Quad Flat Pack or CLCC
C - Glass ceramic
Á - Unpackaged
Ë - PGA
Ô - plastic micro package
E - metal-polymeric
È - glass ceramic
Second letter may be missing.
Manufacturer thinks that it's easy to see is it plastic or ceramic. :)
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-Spec:
"K" means commercial spec.
mising "K" in combination with
rhomb means "Mil-spec"
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2. Data code:
Mostly MM-YY or YY-MM format.
Infrequently YY-WW format (after 1990)
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3. Manufacturer logo:
There were about twenty five CPU/MCU manufacturers In the USSR. more...
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4. Rhomb (optional):
Nice symbol. It means mil-spec.
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5. Triangle (optional):
It's almost nothing. It means that chip is sensitive to static.
- 6. "ÑÄÅËÀÍÎ Â ÑÑÑÐ" marking instead of manufacturer logo:
"MADE IN USSR" in Russian. Used for exported (mostly to Eastern Europe) chips.
- 7. lot number (optional)
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8. "ÎÏ" (optional) (or letter "O" befor the part number).
Very nice marking . "ES" (Engineering Sample) in Russian.
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9. "ÎÑ" or "ÎÑÌ" (optional) marking before part number or aside.
Extremely nice marking!
"ÎÑ" is abbreviation of "Îñîáî Ñòàáèëüíûå" ( "Very Stable" )
"ÎÑÌ" means " Very Stable Limited Edition "
This kind of microchip was used (and is used ) in the most important devices.
These chips flew (and flies) to Space, were ( are ) used in atomic weapon and nuclear power stations.
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10. Letter " Ý" before IC part number means "western package standard". For example ÝÊÐ1568ÕË1. more...
Letter " Ý" in the end of part nuber means the chip has imported (Western) crystal inside.
Exceptions:
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T34BM1 - temporary name of Z80 clone(1991-1993). All known T34BM1 chips have " ÎÏ" marking. It means they are all Engineering Samples. It was renamed by standardized part number ÊÐ1858BM1(plastic), ÊM1858BM1 (ceramic) later in 1993.
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Letter "È" means deviating from State Standard. For example ÈÌ1821ÂÌ85À.
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1801 family has unconventional submodel makking. (by dots)
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1821 family sometimes has unconventional date coding.
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There are chips which received wrong names, but there’s not many of them. For instance, 1829ÂÌ1, 1829ÂÌ2 and Ò36ÂÌ1 are actually MCUs; KM1810BM89 is i8089 clone. (despite "ÂÌ" =CPU).
This marking system of integrated circuits is still used in former USSR countries.
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